慢性髓系白血病中let-7a-3甲基化态势及其临床意义

目的：探讨慢性髓系白血病（CM L ）患者中let‐7a‐3启动子的甲基化态势及其临床意义。方法建立实时定量甲基化特异性PCR （RQ‐MSP）分别检测25例对照者及52例CML患者骨髓单个核细胞中let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化水平。结果52例CM L患者未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子（59．6％）为阳性,而对照组仅1例（4％）阳性,两组比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．01）。ROC曲线分析表明,let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化作为辅助诊断CM L有较好的特异性。未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子水平与BCR／ABL融合基因转录水平呈显著正相关（ r＝0．641,P＝0．001）,但与患者的白细胞、血小板计数及血红蛋白水平无明显相关性（ P＞0．05）。在慢性期和加速期let‐7a‐3未甲基化水平显著高于急变期。结论 let‐7a‐3基因低甲基化水平随疾病进展而降低。     

银丹心脑通软胶囊对2型糖尿病氧化应激及血管内皮功能的影响

目的：研究银丹心脑通软胶囊对2型糖尿病氧化应激及血管内皮功能的影响。方法86例2型糖尿病患者按照随机数字表法分成常规降糖治疗组（常规组,n＝40）和银丹心脑通软胶囊治疗组（银丹心脑通组,n＝46）。常规组患者在控制饮食、运动等基础上给予降糖治疗使血糖连续达标12周,银丹心脑通组在常规治疗血糖达标基础上加用银丹心脑通软胶囊（每次1．2 g ,每日3次）连续治疗12周。检测两组患者治疗前后血脂、丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）、内皮素（ET）等相关因素变化,应用超声检测肱动脉血流介导的内皮依赖性舒张功能（FMD）和非内皮依赖性血管舒张功能（NMD）。结果治疗12周后两组患者血浆总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL‐C）、MDA、ET 较治疗前均有明显下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL‐C）、SOD、NO、FMD则较治疗前升高（P＜0．05）;而且银丹心脑通组治疗后上述各项指标与常规组治疗后比较也有显著变化（P＜0．05）。结论银丹心脑通软胶囊可下调2型糖尿病氧化应激,调节糖尿病脂代谢异常,明显改善损伤的血管内皮功能。     

红参麦冬复方注射液对烫伤大鼠心肌损害的影响及机制

目的:观察红参麦冬复方注射液对烫伤大鼠早期心肌损害的影响并探讨其机制。方法:实验于2005-07/12在遂宁市人民医院药剂科进行。选择健康Wistar大鼠45只,单纯随机分为正常对照组5只、烫伤对照组20只和参麦组20只,后2组动物背部92℃水浴18s,造成30%TBSAⅢ度烫伤模型。参麦组烫伤后立即腹腔注射10mL红参麦冬复方注射液1支(商品名参麦注射液,杭州正大青春宝药业有限公司产品,批号001015,10mL/支,含红参、麦冬各1.0g),烫伤对照组注射等量生理盐水。观察大鼠烫伤后6,12,24,48h后心肌组织病理变化,检测心肌组织丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性及血清肿瘤坏死因子α水平(ELISA法)、乳酸脱氢酶(分光光度法)、肌酸激酶(分光光度法)水平,免疫组化法检测心肌热休克蛋白70蛋白表达变化。正常对照大鼠不经任何处理,过量麻醉后取材检测作支持对照。结果:45只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①烫伤对照组心肌细胞出现了变性坏死,参麦组在各时相点心肌病理变化均较烫伤对照组轻。②心肌组织丙二醛浓度:烫伤对照组在烫伤后各时相点均高于正常对照组,参麦组大鼠烫伤后6,12,24,48h丙二醛浓度只有烫伤对照组的57.7%,47.1%,49.3%和45.4%。③心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶活性:烫伤对照组大鼠烫伤后各时相点均低于正常对照组(P<0.01),参麦组则高于同时相点烫伤对照组(P<0.01)。④心肌组织热休克蛋白70蛋白表达:参麦组在烫伤后6,12,24,48h表达均高于烫伤对照组(0.445±0.041,0.436±0.034;0.847±0.078,0.608±0.055;0.997±0.91,0.818±0.045;1.147±0.148,0.769±0.045,P<0.01)。⑤血清血清肿瘤坏死因子α水平:参麦组在烫伤后6,12,24,48h均低于烫伤对照组[(3.14±0.31),(3.62±0.33)μg/L;(4.25±0.48),(5.67±0.51)μg/L;(4.57±0.53),(6.16±0.55)μg/L;(3.24±0.29),(4.47±0.45)μg/L;P<0.01]。⑥参麦组血清乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶活性显著低于烫伤对照组(P<0.01)。结论:红参麦冬复方注射液可减轻大鼠烫伤后早期心肌损害,可能与减轻大鼠烫伤后心肌组织脂质过氧化反应程度以及减轻炎性因子水平有关。     

彩色多普勒超声心动图在冠状动脉瘘封堵术中的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声心动图（CDE）在冠状动脉瘘（CAF）封堵术中的价值。 方法应用CDE选择10例CAF实施封堵，封堵术后应用CDE判定疗效。 结果根据CDE选择10例CAF，9例成功实施封堵。其中8例首次封堵术后CDE复查瘘口处分流束血流信号消失，1例首次封堵术后CDE复查瘘口处显示少量残余分流束血流信号，再次封堵术后CDE复查瘘口处分流束血流信号消失。另外1例因瘘口直径过大封堵失败又行开胸手术治疗。 结论CDE在CAF封堵术中具有重要临床价值。封堵术前CDE明确指出哪一支冠状动脉瘘至哪个心腔、瘘口直径及除外合并畸形是成功实施封堵的关键；封堵术后CDE判断疗效重点观察封堵器位置及瘘口处是否有残余分流束血流信号。     

He-Ne激光血管内照射对缺血性心脑血管病患者的血液流变性影响

本文从对６５例缺血性心脑血管病患者应用低能量 Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血 管内照射治疗，根据自身治疗前后的血液流变学指标对比观察，全血粘度、血浆粘 度、红细胞电泳及红细胞聚集指数均有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），血沉、Ｋ值也有 显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示 Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射可降低红细胞聚集性，提高红 细胞变形能力和减少血浆中的中分子成份，以改善血液流变学性质．     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞的分离、培养与鉴定

背景：目前对骨髓间充质干细胞常用的分离方法有密度梯度离心法、贴壁筛选分离法。目的：联合应用密度梯度离心法和贴壁筛选分离法体外分离培养、扩增兔骨髓间充质干细胞，并对其进行鉴定。设计、时间及地点：对比观察的细胞学实验，于2007-10／2008-03在上海市第六人民医院中心实验室完成。材料：2月龄新西兰纯种大耳白兔6只用于骨髓间充质干细胞取材与原代培养，1．073kg／L的Percoll分离液。方法：实验采用Percol分离液利用密度梯度离心法及结合贴壁分离筛选法来分离、纯化骨髓间充质干细胞，在采用密度梯度离心法得到骨髓间充质干细胞后，经贴壁培养及反复换液纯化骨髓间充质干细胞。分别取第3，5，7，9代骨髓间充质干细胞，行细胞计数，绘制细胞生长曲线。主要观察指标：倒置显微镜下观察原代及传代细胞的形态、生长情况。采用CD44及CD34抗体进行间接免疫荧光标记鉴定培养的干细胞。CD44染色呈阳性，CD34染色呈阴性，说明所提取、纯化的细胞是骨髓间充质干细胞。结果：增殖传代的骨髓间充质干细胞呈长梭形均匀分布生长，形态比原代培养的细胞更均匀，细胞生长旺盛、增殖迅速，胞核明显，核仁清晰，核浆比例大，细胞形态均匀，平行排列呈螺旋状或漩涡状，传代至第5代时无明显变化。随传代次数的增加，细胞增殖能力逐渐下降，第3～5代细胞增殖能力强。所分离培养的细胞均表达CD44，不表达CD34。结论：在体外采用密度梯度离心及贴壁培养法可获得高纯度的兔骨髓间充质干细胞。     

Carvacrol Attenuates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Deficits in Rats

Carvacrol (CAR), a naturally occurring phenolic monoterpene, has been demonstrated to possess various biological actions. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of CAR on diabetes-associated cognitive deficit (DACD) in a rat model of diabetes and exploring its potential molecular mechanism. Diabetic rats were treated with CAR by the doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg for 7 weeks. Morris water maze was used for behavioral evaluation of memory. Cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of cerebral cortex and hippocampus were prepared for the quantification of oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, and GSH), NF-κB p65 unit, TNF-α, IL-1β, and caspase-3. After 7 weeks of streptozotocin injection, the rats produced remarkable increase in escape latency, coupled with increased oxidative stress (increased MDA level and decreased SOD as well as reduced GSH), NF-κB p65 unit, TNF-α, IL-1β, and caspase-3 in different regions of diabetic rat brain. Interestingly, coadministration of CAR significantly and dose-dependently prevented behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes associated with diabetes. In summary, our findings provide the first evidence that CAR can remarkably attenuate DACD and suggest the involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic cascades in the development of cognitive impairment caused by diabetes. The pharmacological effect of CAR suggests that it may be used as a promising agent for the treatment of conventional antihyperglycemic regiments as well as DACD.     

Hemoglobin-Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase Overexpression and Nitric Oxide Production Contribute to Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption in the Rat

Hemoglobin (Hb) released from extravasated erythrocytes may have a critical role in the process of blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and subsequent edema formation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production synthesized by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been well documented to contribute to BBB disruption. However, considerably less attention has been focused on the role of NO in Hb-induced BBB disruption. This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that Hb-induced NOS overexpression and excessive NO production may contribute to the changes of tight junction (TJ) proteins and subsequent BBB dysfunction. Hemoglobin was infused with stereotactic guidance into the right caudate nucleus of male Sprague Dawley rats. Then, we investigated the effect of Hb on the BBB permeability, changes of TJ proteins (claudin-5, occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and junctional adhesion molecule-1 (JAM-1)), iron deposition, expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS), as well as NO production. Hb injection caused a significant increase in BBB permeability. Significant reduction of claudin-5, ZO-1, and JAM-1 was observed after Hb injection as evidenced by PCR and immunofluorescence. After a decrease at early stage, occludin showed a fivefold increase in mRNA level at 7 days. Significant iron deposition was detectable from 48 h to 7 days in a time-dependent manner. The iNOS and eNOS levels dramatically increased after Hb injection concomitantly with large quantities of NO released. Furthermore, enhanced iNOS or eNOS immunoreactivity was co-localized with diffused or diminished claudin-5 staining. We concluded that overexpressed NOS and excessive NO production induced by Hb may contribute to BBB disruption, which may provide an important potential therapeutic target in the treatment of ICH.     

Electrophysiological subtypes and prognosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome in Northeastern China

Introduction: The dystrophic features in hindlimb skeletal muscles of female mdx mice are unclear. Methods: We analyzed force‐generating capacity and force decline after lengthening contraction‐induced damage (fragility). Results: Young (6‐month‐old) female mdx mice displayed reduced force‐generating capacity (?18%) and higher fragility (23% force decline) compared with female age‐matched wild‐type mice. These 2 dystrophic features were less accentuated in young female than in young male mdx mice (?32% and 42% force drop). With advancing age, force‐generating capacity decreased and fragility increased in old (20 month) female mdx mice (?21% and 57% force decline), but they were unchanged in old male mdx mice. Moreover, estradiol treatment had no effect in old female mdx mice. Conclusions: Female gender–related factors mitigate dystrophic features in young but not old mdx mice. Further studies are warranted to identify the beneficial gender‐related factor in dystrophic muscle. Muscle Nerve, 2013     

Percheron动脉梗死4例临床分析

目的提高临床医生对Percheron动脉梗死的认识和诊断水平。方法总结4例Percheron动脉梗死的临床表现、影像特点、治疗及预后。结果4例均急性起病,意识障碍后出现智能障碍及眼肌麻痹,按缺血性脑卒中治疗,患者临床症状均有改善。4例磁共振Tt及T2加权像均见双侧丘脑旁正中碟形长T1长T2信号,3例磁共振弥散加权成像（DWI）示双侧丘脑旁正中以及中脑高信号,其中1例中脑为“v”字形高信号。结论以卒中样形式起病,有典型临床表现,结合MRI示双侧丘脑旁正中见碟形长T1长T2信号、DWI高信号及中脑“V”字征有助于Percheron动脉梗死的诊断。